What is the basis of LED lighting?
To fully understand LEDs and their structure, you need to first understand LEDs.
If you do, then you’ll know how LEDs emit light. Check out the video below.
1.What is LED?
LED is the abbreviationof English Light Emitting Diode. It is a light-emitting diode in Chinese. It is ma-de of compounds which contain gallium (Ga) and arsenic (As) and (P), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), etc.
2.Structure of LED lights
The core part of the light-emitting diode made up of p-type semiconductor and n-type. There is a layer of transition between the p type semiconductor and the n type semiconductor, called a p-n junction. As illustrated in the image below, it is comprised of five elements comprising bracket, silver glue chip, gold wire and epoxy resin.
3.LED principle of light
When current passes through the chip, the electrons in the N-type semiconductor and holes in the P type semiconductor violently collide, and then recombine in the light-emitting layer to create photons that emit energy in the form of photons (that is, the light we see).
Principle of LED color lighting
If you’re interested in understanding the basic principles of colorful LED light-emitting, first let’s get familiar with the three principal colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
Different colors can be made by mixing different combinations of these three colors. For instance, when both green and red light are illuminated at the same time the green and red lights are mixed into yellow.
When two LEDs are illuminated the lamp produces three colors: cyan, purple, and yellow.
If there’s an electronic circuit that makes green, red, and blue LEDs light up as a pair, separately and also three primary colors LEDs on the same time, it can emit seven different hues of light, so the LED lights are colorful.
The colors generated by this phenomenon are dependent on the proportions at the way they are superimposed.
What’s the difference in cheap LED lights and more expensive LED lights?
The LED light can be classified into two broad categories.
One is the light source type that includes spotlights, downlights and street lights, etc. They are employed to light up the area.
Lanterns are a second type of light and decor. They include special-shaped lamps and chandeliers, floor lamps as well as other types of lighting.
Lights that are finished or decorative. The difference between cheap and expensive lamps is easily understood.
They are, for instance, all chandeliers. One is K9 crystal chandelier, and the other is normal as well as glass, rubber, and so on.
Prices and materials vary. Because it’s exactly the identical, I won’t go in depth.
The poster probably didn’t want to inquire about this. Today we’ll talk about the primary source of light and power supply parts of LED lights.
Let’s talk about lamp beads first
If you’d like to discuss it in depth, LED is a solid-statesemiconductor chip that converts electricity into light energy.
The chip’s one end is a P-type semiconductor and the other an N-type semiconductor. The electrons from the N-type will be pushed to the P type as it is passed across the wafer.
The LED light principle is that, when N-type and P-type electrons in semiconductors meet they release energy in the form of photons.
The wavelength of light that is, the color of light, is determined by the material forming the P-N junction.
The LED light source is made up of a chip/crystal that emits LED lights.
After the chip is manufactured by epitaxy, evaporation, etching, grinding as well as other manufacturing processes, the amount of P-N electrons in the chip, scratches on the P-N electrode etc.
There will be a change in the brightness of the rate of conversion of the chip from light to electricity. Certain types of chips have higher conversion rate and are more bright. others are lower in conversion, which is what we refer to as bare crystal brightness.
Each chip is also equipped with a level of attenuation which is a measure of the efficiency with which electrical energy can be converted into light over a certain period of time.
The more durable the chip is, the more reliable it is. Theoretically, the effective life of the chip could be as high as 100,000 hours.
Packaging is designed to shield LED chips, while delivering the maximum amount of light and dispersing heat from light emission.
At present, there are pin-type positive and flip-chip processes COB-type centralized packaging power-type packaging.
The final price of LEDs will depend on the package.
The second is that a similar packaging structure can have an entirely different control over heat dissipation, stability and price.
Talk about the power supply
LED power supply (also called driving power supply) is a device that serves a single purpose which is to provide LED lamp beads that have constant voltage and constant current.
The LED is likely to age rapidly if the current is too high or unstable.
LEDs are energy-efficient and have very low power consumption.
The typical power of a lamp is just a few millivolts. A few lamps that can reach hundreds of volts are special lamps.
The current used is also very low, and is usually measured in milliamps. The lights we see every day, the wiring directly connected to 220V household mains power.
The voltage then regulated and stabilized prior to being transmitted to the LED light beads.
It is divided into non-isolate and isolate. After reduction of the voltage, non-isolated power supply is connected directly to the light source.
The reason for an isolated power source signifies that the output and the input are separated by the use of a transformer.
The process involves changing magnetic energy into electrical, and then back to electrical. It’s more secure than a non-isolated power supply.
The cost of power is high and as is the price.
Also, check if the power supplies for the LED drive come with functional guarantees, such as protection from short circuits in addition to surge and power-off protection. is another crucial factor which affects the final price of the lamp.